Study on Investigational Treatments With or Without Pembrolizumab for Advanced Esophageal Cancer After Previous PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy

Inclusion Criteria

• Diagnosed with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) that cannot be surgically removed.
• Experienced disease progression after one prior standard treatment that included a platinum-based drug and PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
• Have a tumor sample available for analysis.
• Blood pressure must be well-controlled, with or without medication.
• Any side effects from previous cancer treatments must have improved to a mild level or returned to baseline. Patients with hormone-treated endocrine issues or mild nerve damage are eligible.

Exclusion Criteria

• Cancer has spread to nearby organs like the aorta or trachea.
• Significant weight loss of more than 10% in the last two months.
• Severe eye conditions that affect healing.
• Active inflammatory bowel disease requiring immunosuppressive medication.
• Participation in another study or use of an investigational device within the last four weeks.
• Immune system deficiencies or use of immunosuppressive therapy within the last week.
• Another progressing cancer or one treated in the last three years, except for certain skin cancers or carcinoma in situ.
• Active cancer spread to the brain or spinal fluid.
• Active autoimmune disease needing treatment in the last two years.
• HIV with a history of certain related diseases.
• Active hepatitis B and C infections.
• History of organ transplant.
• Serious heart disease within the last year.
• Conditions affecting the absorption of lenvatinib (not applicable to current study groups).
• Risk of significant gastrointestinal bleeding or recent serious bleeding events (not applicable to current study groups).